Prepare the roadbed
Make sure the track is aligned, wired, tested, and securely fastened. Vacuum loose debris and repair dips before adding stone.
Pour a small amount between the rails
Use a spoon or narrow cup. Work on a short section so the material remains easy to control.
Brush stone off the ties
Use a soft dry brush to move particles between ties and away from rail tops, flangeways, and moving turnout parts.
Shape the shoulders
Add material outside both rails. Mainline shoulders can be clean and defined; yards and branches should be flatter, dirtier, and more irregular.
Pre-wet with a fine mist
Wet the ballast gently so adhesive can flow through it rather than forming beads on the surface. Avoid a strong spray that moves the stone.
Apply diluted adhesive
Use a dropper or controlled applicator. Let the adhesive soak through the stone instead of flooding the scene.
Leave it alone until fully dry
Do not brush, vacuum, or operate trains while the adhesive is setting. Drying time varies with depth, humidity, and adhesive.
Finish the edges
Add dirt, cinders, powder, weeds, drainage, rust tones, and oil staining after the primary ballast is secure.
Turnout precautions
Keep stone and adhesive away from the points, hinges, throw bar, electrical contacts, and any linkage below the track. Operate the turnout several times while the surrounding area is still damp, then check it again after drying.
How to avoid a glossy result
Use a matte adhesive, do not leave thick puddles on top, and finish with dry powders or fine dirt where needed. A final light application of weathering material can reduce any remaining plastic-looking sheen.